星期一,10月30日th, 拜登总统签署了关于人工智能(AI)的行政命令(EO),旨在降低风险,并为负责任的开发和使用人工智能奠定框架.
行政令为人工智能安全、安保和保护美国人隐私建立了新的标准. 人工智能开发人员需要进行安全测试,并与政府分享这些结果, as well as make it obvious when content is made using AI.
根据白宫的说法 新闻稿,《bet9游戏平台》拟:
- Require developers of AI systems to share their safety test results, results of all red-team safety tests, with the US 政府 before companies make them public.
- 责成美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)制定红队测试标准,国土安全部将利用这些标准建立人工智能安全与安全委员会.
- 要求资助生命科学项目的机构建立这些NIST标准,作为接受联邦资助的条件.
- 指示能源部和国土安全部解决人工智能系统对关键基础设施的威胁, 比如化学, 生物, 放射学, 核, 网络安全风险.
- 任务商务部将制定人工智能内容认证指南, including watermarking AI-generated content, in an effort to protect Americans from fraud and deception.
- Develop AI tools to find and fix vulnerabilities in critical software, building on the Biden-Harris Administration’s ongoing AI Cyber Challenge.
- 由国家安全委员会和白宫办公厅主任制定一份关于人工智能与安全的国家安全备忘录. 该文件将确保美国军方和情报界安全地使用人工智能, 在伦理上, and effectively in their missions.
The Dean of Carnegie Mellon University’s Heinz College, Ramayya Krishnan, 称赞行政长官 声明 that “The commitments on AI safety, security and reliability are the strongest I have seen globally. 我期待着国会制定的规则和立法与这一命令所强调的主题保持一致. It is essential for both our economic and national security.”
Ramayya is not alone in supporting the EO. Managing director of the AI Now Institute, Sarah Myers West, also 表达她的支持 并称赞白宫“在对公众最重要的劳工问题上定下了基调”, 公民权利, 保护隐私, 促进竞争.”
Without safeguards, AI can put Americans’ privacy further at risk. 拜登总统呼吁国会通过两党数据隐私立法,为国家科学基金会提供资金,加强保护隐私的研究和技术.
作为保障措施的一部分, Federal agencies will need to evaluate how private data, including information they procure from data brokers, is collected and used commercially to account for AI risks. 拜登呼吁联邦机构制定保护美国人数据的指导方针, 声明 他“决心尽我所能促进和要求负责任的创新”.”
In addition to President Biden’s EO and call on congress, the administration has already published a draft for an 人工智能权利法案 to implement a list of actions which include:
- 加快人工智能专业人员的招聘,这是由人事管理办公室牵头的全政府人工智能人才激增的一部分, U.S. 数码bet9平台游戏.S. 数字 Corps and Presidential Innovation Fellowship.
- 推动在医疗保健领域负责任地使用人工智能,并创建资源,支持教育工作者部署支持人工智能的教育工具.
- 制定原则和最佳实践,通过劳动标准减轻人工智能对工人的危害,并最大限度地提高人工智能的效益, 工作场所的股本, 健康, 安全和数据收集.
- 发布机构使用人工智能的指导,以确保政府负责地实施人工智能,同时改善人工智能采购和加强人工智能部署.
- 促进公平, 通过国家人工智能研究资源试点,为小型开发商和企业家提供技术援助和资源,开放和竞争的人工智能生态系统.
- 为解决与人工智能相关的算法歧视和侵犯公民权利问题提供明确指导.
The Biden-Harris administration is not alone in combating the rise of AI. 奥巴马政府与包括欧盟在内的20多个国家进行了磋商. Senator Chuck Schumer is leading a push in Congress to introduce the 人工智能的立法, but no formal documentation has been presented yet.
The EO is the latest in a series of orders, 拜登政府正在进行的人工智能网络挑战的立法和备忘录, which focuses on strengthening the nation’s cybersecurity. The complete statement on the EO is available at 在这里.
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